Building your own AR-15 can be a rewarding experience, allowing for customization and a deeper understanding of your firearm. This guide focuses on AR-15 build kits that exclude the lower receiver, a crucial component due to its legal implications. We'll explore what's included in these kits, the process, and essential considerations for a safe and successful build.
Understanding the Importance of the Lower Receiver
Before diving into the components of a build kit, it's vital to understand why the lower receiver isn't included. The lower receiver is considered the serialized part of the AR-15, meaning it's the component regulated by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) and requires registration in accordance with federal and state laws. Build kits exclude this part to comply with these regulations. You must obtain the lower receiver separately and legally, ensuring you adhere to all applicable laws in your jurisdiction. This is a crucial step, and any violation can result in severe legal consequences.
What's Included in an AR-15 Build Kit (Without the Lower)?
A comprehensive AR-15 build kit typically includes all the necessary parts except the lower receiver. This usually comprises:
Upper Receiver Group:
- Upper Receiver: The top housing for the barrel and bolt carrier group.
- Bolt Carrier Group (BCG): This is the heart of the firearm's action, containing the bolt, carrier, and firing pin. Quality BCGs are crucial for reliability.
- Barrel: Choose a barrel length suitable for your intended use, understanding that different lengths impact accuracy and velocity. Consider factors like twist rate and material.
- Gas System: This includes the gas tube and gas block, responsible for cycling the action.
- Charging Handle: Used to manually cycle the bolt.
- Handguard/Rail System: Provides a mounting platform for accessories like optics and lights.
Other Essential Components:
- Buttstock: The rear portion of the firearm that rests against the shooter's shoulder.
- Buffer Tube: Houses the buffer spring and buffer weight.
- Pistol Grip: Provides a comfortable and secure grip.
- Trigger Assembly: The mechanism that fires the weapon. Upgrades are often made here to enhance performance.
Steps for Building Your AR-15 (After Acquiring the Lower Receiver):
Once you have legally obtained your lower receiver, assembling your AR-15 is a relatively straightforward process. Detailed instructions are usually provided with the kit, but here's a general overview:
- Install the buffer tube: Securely attach the buffer tube to the lower receiver.
- Assemble the lower receiver: Install the trigger assembly, pistol grip, and other lower receiver components.
- Install the upper receiver: Carefully align and attach the upper receiver to the lower receiver.
- Install the BCG: Insert the bolt carrier group into the upper receiver.
- Install the barrel: Insert the barrel into the upper receiver.
- Install the handguard: Attach the handguard to the upper receiver.
- Install the buttstock: Attach the buttstock to the buffer tube.
- Final Inspection: Thoroughly inspect the assembled firearm to ensure all components are correctly installed and functioning properly.
Choosing the Right Kit and Components:
The quality of your AR-15 build directly depends on the components you choose. Research different manufacturers, read reviews, and consider your budget. Prioritize reputable brands known for reliability and durability.
Remember: Always prioritize safety. Consult with experienced firearm builders or professionals if you're unsure about any aspect of the build process. Improper assembly can lead to malfunctions and potentially dangerous situations.
Conclusion
Building an AR-15 from a kit (excluding the lower receiver) offers a unique and fulfilling experience. By understanding the legal requirements, carefully selecting your components, and following proper assembly procedures, you can build a reliable and customized firearm that meets your needs. Remember that safety and legal compliance are paramount throughout the entire process.
