Choosing the right ammunition is crucial for a successful dove hunt. While many hunters swear by their favorite load, the "best" 20 gauge load for doves depends on several factors, including your shotgun, shooting style, and personal preference. This guide will break down the key considerations to help you make an informed decision.
Understanding Dove Hunting Challenges
Doves are notoriously fast and agile birds, requiring shots that are both accurate and effective at various ranges. Their small size means that even a slight miss can mean the difference between a successful harvest and a missed opportunity. Therefore, selecting the right ammunition is paramount to maximizing your success rate.
Key Factors to Consider When Choosing Ammunition
Before diving into specific recommendations, let's examine the factors influencing your choice:
1. Shot Size: The Heart of the Matter
Shot size is the most critical factor. For doves, #7.5 and #8 shot are generally considered the best options.
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#7.5 shot: Offers a good balance of pattern density and range. It delivers sufficient stopping power while minimizing the risk of excessive pellet deformation at longer distances.
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#8 shot: Provides even greater pattern density, making it ideal for closer shots. However, its smaller size may reduce effective range compared to #7.5.
Larger shot sizes are generally unnecessary and can lead to excessive damage to the bird. Smaller shot sizes, on the other hand, might lack the stopping power needed for a clean kill.
2. Shot Shell Velocity: Speed Matters
Velocity influences range and pattern density. Higher velocities generally translate to a tighter pattern and increased effective range. Look for loads with a velocity of around 1200-1300 fps for optimal performance. Extremely high velocities aren't necessary and can sometimes lead to more recoil.
3. Payload: More Isn't Always Better
The amount of shot in each shell (payload) affects pattern density. While a heavier payload might seem appealing, it's crucial to balance payload with shot size and velocity. Overly heavy loads can lead to excessive recoil, making it difficult to maintain accuracy, especially during rapid shooting sequences common in dove hunting. A typical payload for doves in a 20-gauge shell is around 7/8 of an ounce.
4. Choke: The Unsung Hero
Your shotgun's choke significantly impacts shot pattern. A modified or improved cylinder choke is generally recommended for dove hunting. These chokes provide a good balance between pattern density and range. A full choke might be too tight, leading to a concentrated pattern but with less overall coverage.
Top 20 Gauge Dove Loads (General Recommendations)
While the "best" load is subjective, these are some commonly recommended options that often deliver excellent results:
- Loads featuring #7.5 or #8 shot with a velocity around 1200-1300 fps and a payload of 7/8 ounce. Many reputable ammunition manufacturers offer loads meeting these specifications. Look for brands with a solid reputation for quality and consistency.
Remember to always check your local regulations regarding legal shot sizes and limitations.
Beyond the Basics: Practicing for Success
Choosing the right ammunition is just one piece of the puzzle. Consistent practice is critical for improving your accuracy and making ethical, clean kills. Spend time at the range practicing your shooting technique with your chosen ammunition and choke. Familiarize yourself with your shotgun's recoil and how to maintain proper aim while shooting rapidly.
Conclusion
Selecting the best 20 gauge load for dove hunting requires careful consideration of shot size, velocity, payload, and choke. By understanding these factors and selecting appropriate ammunition, you can significantly improve your hunting success while ensuring ethical and humane harvesting of these swift birds. Remember to always prioritize safety and responsible hunting practices.
