Casting your own bullets offers significant advantages to reloaders, from cost savings to the ability to customize your ammunition. This guide dives deep into the world of bullet molds specifically designed for the popular .38 Special cartridge, covering everything from choosing the right mold to mastering the casting process.
Understanding .38 Special Bullet Requirements
Before selecting a bullet mold, it's crucial to understand the specifications of the .38 Special cartridge. This includes:
- Caliber: .357" (Note: While .38 Special and .357 Magnum share the same case length, the .38 Special generally uses a slightly smaller bullet diameter).
- Bullet Weight: Common bullet weights range from 125 grains to 158 grains, with 148 grain being particularly popular for target shooting and lead bullets. Heavier bullets generally provide increased accuracy and knock-down power, particularly for hunting applications.
- Bullet Shape: Numerous bullet shapes exist, each offering different ballistic properties. Round nose (RN), round nose flat point (RNFP), wadcutters (WC), semi-wadcutters (SWC), and Keith-style bullets are frequently used in .38 Special. The choice depends on your intended use. For example, wadcutters are often preferred for target practice due to their clean cuts in paper targets, while hollow-point designs are frequently used for self-defense.
Choosing the Right Bullet Mold for Your Needs
Several factors influence the ideal bullet mold for your .38 Special reloading:
1. Bullet Weight and Shape:
This is the most important consideration. Decide which weight and shape best suit your shooting needs and search for molds that offer these specifications. Many manufacturers provide detailed mold specifications, including the weight of the cast bullet. Experimentation may be needed to find the perfect mold for your chosen alloy and casting technique.
2. Mold Material:
Most bullet molds are constructed from either aluminum or steel. Aluminum molds are generally less expensive and easier to use, especially for beginners. However, steel molds are more durable and can withstand higher casting temperatures, leading to a longer lifespan and potentially improved bullet consistency.
3. Mold Type:
Bullet molds can be either two-cavity or multi-cavity molds. Two-cavity molds are a great starting point for beginners, offering simplicity and ease of use. Multi-cavity molds (e.g., four, six, or more cavities) increase production speed but demand greater experience and precision to operate correctly. The added complexity often comes with a significant price increase.
4. Manufacturer Reputation:
Selecting a reputable manufacturer ensures quality construction, consistent bullet dimensions, and reliable performance. Research different brands and read reviews from other reloaders before making your purchase. Lee, RCBS, and Lyman are well-known and respected manufacturers of bullet molds.
Beyond the Mold: Essential Considerations for Successful Casting
- Alloy Selection: Selecting the correct lead alloy is crucial for achieving optimal bullet hardness and performance. Adding tin or antimony to pure lead improves hardness and reduces leading in the barrel.
- Casting Equipment: You'll need a suitable melting pot, ladle, and a temperature-control system to accurately control the molten lead's temperature.
- Proper Lubrication: Lubricating your bullets helps reduce friction and improves accuracy. Size and the chosen lubrication method will depend on the bullet design and the intended use.
- Safety Precautions: Lead casting involves handling molten lead, which is extremely dangerous. Always use proper safety equipment, including eye protection, gloves, and appropriate ventilation.
Conclusion: A Rewarding Pursuit
Casting your own .38 Special bullets can be a rewarding and cost-effective endeavor for reloaders. By carefully selecting the right mold and mastering the casting process, you can create high-quality ammunition tailored to your specific needs. Remember that safety and accuracy are paramount in all aspects of reloading, so approach the process with careful attention to detail.
