The Colt Army Revolver of 1871, while often overshadowed by its more famous successor, the Single Action Army ("Peacemaker"), holds a significant place in firearms history. This article delves into the details of this powerful and influential revolver, exploring its design, history, and lasting impact on the American West.
The Genesis of a Legend: Design and Specifications
The 1871 Colt Army Revolver represents a crucial evolutionary step in Colt's revolver lineage. It built upon the successes of earlier models while incorporating key improvements. Key specifications include:
- Caliber: Typically .44 Colt, although variations exist.
- Action: Single-action, requiring manual cocking of the hammer before each shot.
- Cylinder: Six-shot cylinder, a significant increase in firepower compared to earlier models.
- Frame: Solid frame construction, providing increased strength and durability.
- Finish: Typically blued steel, although variations in finish are found depending on the specific production run and condition.
While seemingly simple in design, the 1871 Colt Army Revolver boasted a robust construction capable of withstanding the rigors of frontier life. Its heavier frame and improved cylinder design offered increased reliability and accuracy compared to its predecessors. This made it a highly sought-after firearm among law enforcement officers, soldiers, and civilians alike.
A Piece of History: The 1871 Colt in the American West
The 1871 Colt Army Revolver played a pivotal role in shaping the American West. Its widespread adoption by various groups fueled its legendary status. From cattle drives to law enforcement actions, its presence was undeniable. While not as iconic as the later Peacemaker, it served as a vital bridge between earlier revolver designs and the iconic firearm that would follow.
Military and Law Enforcement Use:
The 1871 Colt found its way into the arsenals of various military and law enforcement agencies, providing a powerful and relatively reliable sidearm. Its stopping power made it an effective tool for self-defense and enforcing the law.
Civilian Ownership and Impact:
Beyond official use, the 1871 Colt was a popular choice among civilians. Its reliability and stopping power made it a prized possession for settlers, cowboys, and anyone seeking protection in a often unforgiving environment. Its influence on the culture of the American West cannot be overstated.
Distinguishing the 1871 from Later Models: Key Differences
Identifying a Colt Army Revolver as an 1871 model requires careful attention to detail. Key differences exist when comparing it to later Single Action Army models:
- Frame shape: subtle differences in the frame's shape and contour.
- Cylinder latch: Variations in the design of the cylinder latch.
- Markings: Specific markings and serial number ranges can assist in identification.
Understanding these subtle differences is essential for accurate identification and proper valuation. Collectors and enthusiasts should consult expert resources for accurate identification.
The Enduring Legacy of the 1871 Colt Army Revolver
Despite its relatively shorter production run compared to the Single Action Army, the 1871 Colt Army Revolver remains a highly sought-after collectible firearm. Its historical significance, robust design, and prominent role in shaping the American West cement its place in firearms history. It serves as a testament to Colt's innovative spirit and the enduring legacy of its revolvers. For collectors, historians, and firearms enthusiasts alike, the 1871 Colt offers a glimpse into a pivotal era of American history and the evolution of a legendary firearm.
