This guide provides a step-by-step walkthrough on how to field strip an AR-15 rifle. Safety is paramount, so always ensure the firearm is unloaded and pointed in a safe direction before beginning any disassembly. This process applies to most AR-15 variants, but minor differences may exist depending on the manufacturer and specific model. Consult your owner's manual for any model-specific instructions.
Tools Required:
You'll only need a few basic tools for field stripping an AR-15:
- A clear workspace: Ensure you have a clean, well-lit area to work in, free from distractions.
- Punched cleaning rod or similar: To help remove the takedown pins. While not strictly required for field stripping, a cleaning rod can make it easier.
Steps to Field Strip an AR-15:
1. Ensure the Firearm is Unloaded:
This cannot be stressed enough. Verify that the magazine is removed and the chamber is clear. Visually inspect the chamber to confirm there are no cartridges present. If unsure, consult a qualified firearms instructor.
2. Upper Receiver Removal:
- Locate the Takedown Pins: Identify the two takedown pins on the lower receiver. One is located just behind the trigger, while the other is near the magazine well.
- Remove the Takedown Pins: Using your fingers or a punch, gently push the pins out from the receiver. The pins may require some slight pressure, but excessive force should be avoided. They’ll typically fall out once you’ve started pushing.
- Separate the Upper and Lower Receivers: Once both takedown pins are removed, carefully separate the upper and lower receivers. The upper receiver will now be free from the lower.
3. Bolt Carrier Group (BCG) Removal:
- Locate the Charging Handle: On the rear of the upper receiver, locate the charging handle.
- Pull the Charging Handle: Pull the charging handle to the rear, fully cycling the bolt. This will fully eject any remaining rounds. (Remember – check again to make absolutely sure the chamber is clear!).
- Remove the Bolt Carrier Group (BCG): With the charging handle fully retracted, grasp the bolt carrier group (the component that moves back and forth inside the upper receiver) and gently slide it out of the upper receiver.
4. Disassembly of the BCG (Optional):
Field stripping typically only involves removing the upper receiver and BCG. Further disassembly of the BCG, which involves removing the bolt itself, is generally only required for deep cleaning. If you choose to continue, refer to your firearm's manual for specific instructions, as methods can vary depending on model.
Steps to Reassemble an AR-15:
Reassembly is simply the reverse of disassembly. Follow these steps in reverse order, ensuring components are aligned correctly before inserting pins.
1. Reassemble the BCG (if disassembled): Refer to your firearm's manual for correct assembly.
2. Insert the BCG: Slide the BCG back into the upper receiver.
3. Reattach Upper and Lower Receivers: Carefully align the upper and lower receivers and insert the takedown pins. Gently tap them into place until they are fully seated and secure.
4. Final Check: Double check that both receivers are firmly connected and the takedown pins are securely in place. Once more, verify the firearm is unloaded.
Safety Reminders:
- Always treat every firearm as if it were loaded.
- Never point a firearm at anything you are not willing to destroy.
- Keep your finger off the trigger until ready to fire.
- Be aware of your surroundings.
- Store firearms safely and securely.
- If you are unsure about any step, consult a qualified firearms instructor.
This guide provides a general overview. For detailed, model-specific instructions, always refer to your firearm's owner's manual. Proper maintenance and understanding of your firearm is crucial for safe and responsible gun ownership.
