The Stevens 311 16 gauge shotgun holds a special place in the hearts of many firearm enthusiasts. Known for its robust construction, reliable function, and surprisingly affordable price point (especially on the used market), this pump-action shotgun has earned a loyal following. This guide delves into the history, features, variations, and overall appeal of the Stevens 311 16 gauge.
A Piece of Firearms History: The Stevens 311's Legacy
Manufactured by J. Stevens Arms Company, later acquired by Savage Arms, the Stevens 311 was produced for a considerable period, solidifying its place as a classic American shotgun. Its design, while simple, proved remarkably effective and durable, contributing to its enduring popularity. While exact production numbers are elusive, its widespread availability throughout the 20th century indicates a significant production run. The 311’s straightforward mechanism and readily available parts also contributed to its longevity.
Key Features and Specifications of the Stevens 311 16 Gauge
The Stevens 311 16 gauge is primarily characterized by its:
- Pump-Action Mechanism: Reliable and easy to operate, the pump-action design allows for quick follow-up shots.
- Durable Construction: Typically built with a blued steel receiver and a robust wood stock, the 311 is designed to withstand considerable use.
- 16 Gauge Chambering: The 16 gauge offers a balance between power and recoil, making it a versatile choice for various hunting applications. It's less common than 12 gauge, but many find the 16 gauge a more comfortable and practical choice for upland game birds.
- Simple Design: The lack of overly complex features contributes to its reliability and ease of maintenance.
- Various Barrel Lengths: The 311 was offered with various barrel lengths, catering to different shooting preferences and applications.
Variations and Differences to Note
While the core design of the Stevens 311 remained consistent throughout its production, there are subtle variations to be aware of, particularly concerning:
- Stock Material and Finish: Stocks ranged from basic wood to more elaborately finished variations.
- Barrel Lengths: As previously mentioned, barrel length varied, affecting handling and ballistic performance.
- Manufacturer Markings: Subtle differences in markings can help pinpoint the manufacturing era of a particular firearm.
The Stevens 311 16 Gauge: Uses and Applications
The versatility of the Stevens 311 16 gauge makes it suitable for a range of applications, including:
- Hunting: Ideal for upland game birds, small game, and even some waterfowl hunting (depending on the choke and load).
- Target Shooting: Its relatively mild recoil (compared to a 12 gauge) makes it suitable for informal target practice.
- Home Defense: While not a dedicated home defense weapon, its reliability and stopping power make it a viable option in a pinch.
Collecting and Maintaining Your Stevens 311 16 Gauge
The Stevens 311 is increasingly sought after by collectors, due to its historical significance and relative affordability. Proper maintenance is crucial to preserving its value and functionality:
- Regular Cleaning: Keep the bore clean and free from fouling to maintain accuracy and prevent corrosion.
- Proper Storage: Store the firearm in a dry, secure location, away from extreme temperatures and humidity.
- Careful Handling: Always handle firearms safely and responsibly.
Conclusion: A Timeless Classic
The Stevens 311 16 gauge shotgun stands as a testament to robust, reliable firearm design. Its straightforward design, combined with its affordability and versatility, has ensured its enduring popularity amongst both shooters and collectors. Whether you're a seasoned hunter or a firearm enthusiast, the Stevens 311 offers a compelling blend of history, functionality, and value. Understanding its features and history allows you to appreciate this classic firearm even more.
